Optimization on dual-channel supply chain model with pricing decision and trapezoidal fuzzy demand under a controllable lead time

Abstract This paper considers a dual-channel supply chain with one vendor and multiple buyers in which (1) channel is an offline where standard products are produced shipped to the (2) second online flow of customized between buyers/consumers. The first follows managed inventory consignment stock (VMI-CS) agreement buyers. lead time buyer considered controllable, at cost. Two models analyzed: model, product’s demand rate assumed be price time-sensitive, demands uncertain or ambiguous treated as trapezoidal fuzzy number. It reasonably complex obtain analytical solutions. Hence, two algorithms proposed numerical solution objective maximizing total profit. Numerical examples, sensitivity analysis, managerial insights given test model. Finally, conclusions directions for future research provided.